Latest legal news, articles and insights from our firm.
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) trainings constitute the cornerstone of a proactive approach to preventing workplace accidents. The new "Regulation on the Procedures and Principles of Occupational Health and Safety…
The fundamental principle in joint-stock companies and commercial companies in general is the majority rule. Shareholders holding control determine the fate of the company. However, to prevent this from turning into abs…
The Regulation on the Implementation of the Employment Retention Support Program was published in the Official Gazette dated 3 March 2026 and numbered 33185, and has entered into force.The Program aims to preserve and i…
I. Introduction A share in a capital company constitutes a complex legal value encompassing partnership status, financial rights, and managerial powers. Pursuant to the provisions of the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102…
Cautionary Resolution on the Separate Preparation of Clarification Texts and Explicit Consent Texts by Data Controllers With its Cautionary Resolution ("Cautionary Resolution") dated 18.02.2026 and numbered 2026/347, th…
Four major data protection authorities have published guidance on Agentic AI systems: KVKK (12 March 2026 - Guidance), ICO (8 January 2026 - Report), EDPS (November 2025 - Report) and AEPD (18 February 2026 - Guidance).…
Published in the Official Gazette dated March 17, 2026, under Decision No. 2025/273 and Case No. 2025/128, dated December 25, 2025, the Constitutional Court ("AYM" or "Court") ("Decision"), upon an appeal filed by the B…
With the "Decision on the Amendment of the Decision Regarding the Determination of Companies Subject to Independent Audit," published in the Official Gazette dated March 17, 2026, and numbered 33199, the financial thres…
The Personal Data Protection Authority ("Authority") published an informational document entitled "The Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in the Workplace" on 5 March 2026. The document draws attention to t…
1. What is the duration of maternity leave for a female employee? Pursuant to Article 74/1 of the Labor Law No. 4857 (the "Law"), female employees shall not be employed for a total period of sixteen weeks, consisting of…
1. INTRODUCTION Pursuant to Article 1524 of the Turkish Commercial Code (the "Code"), titled "Electronic Transactions and information society services," and the Regulation on the Websites to be Established by Capital Co…
I. Transactions Without Verification Deemed a Violation of the PDPL The Personal Data Protection Board ("Board"), through its resolution dated 11 February 2026, has explicitly deemed a long-standing practice in loyalty …
Does the Introduction of a Mediation Precondition in the Presence of an Arbitration Clause Render the Arbitration Agreement Invalid?
It is widely known that, in recent traffic inspections, controls integrated with the Social Security Institution (SSI) system regarding company vehicles have significantly intensified. When company vehicles are found to…
Municipalities are local administrative units with public legal personality and may incur debts arising from both private law relationships (e.g. lease agreements, service procurement agreements, etc.) and administrativ…
1. Introduction The regulation1 published in the Official Gazette dated February 4, 2026, amending the Regulation on the Implementation of Law No. 6306 (“Regulation”), sets out important provisions regarding the procedu…
"The Communiqué No. 2026/2 on the Amendment to the Communiqué on Mergers and Acquisitions Requiring the Approval of the Competition Board" (the "Amendment Communiqué") was published in the Official Gazette dated 11.02.2…
In digital advertising, keyword-based targeting has become a widespread marketing method that significantly impacts the visibility of businesses. Negative keyword matching, on the other hand, prevents ads from being dis…
1. INTRODUCTION In the event of the death of one of the parties to a lease agreement, the issue arises as to whether the lease relationship terminates automatically and, if so, how the lease agreement will be affected. …
On January 7th, 2026, the Competition Authority ("Authority") has published the Mergers and Acquisition Outlook Report regarding with mergers, acquisitions and privatisation transactions occurred in 2025 ("Report").
Under Law No. 6698 on the Protection of Personal Data, the obligations relating to the processing of personal data are being supported by increasingly severe sanctions each year for both data controllers and data proces…
Summary of the Judgment of 9th Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation, Merits No. 2025/5850, Decision No. 2025/6491, dated 17.09.2025:
With the decision of the Capital Markets Board of Türkiye (the "CMB") dated 31 December 2025 and numbered 2025/68 (the "Decision"), the financial thresholds required to be met for initial public offering ("IPO") applica…
The duration of the implementation of the financial restructuring implementation carried out within the scope of Provisional Article 32 of the Banking Law No. 5411 has once again been extended for a period of two years …
With the acceleration of digitalization, personal data has become a strategic asset for institutions and companies; accordingly, the lawful processing, protection, and management of such data has gained critical importa…
Pursuant to Article 17 of the Turkish Labour Act No. 4857, the termination of an indefinite-term employment contract must be notified to the other party in advance. Accordingly, employment contracts shall be deemed term…
Article 376 of the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 ("TCC") regulates the determination of capital loss and insolvency situations in companies, and the procedures and principles to be followed in such cases are detailed…
As the world changes and with each passing day, one of the terms we encounter more frequently is "OFAC". In today's globalized world, investors seeking to make international investments come across OFAC or interact with…
As the world changes and with each passing day, one of the terms we encounter more frequently is "OFAC". In today's globalized world, investors seeking to make international investments come across OFAC or interact with…
In practice, it is quite common for companies to extend loans to their shareholders. In situations where the company becomes a creditor of its shareholders, adat interest must be calculated on the outstanding balance an…
1. Issuance and Notification of Bearer Share Certificates Pursuant to Article 484 of the Turkish Commercial Code ("TCC"), joint stock companies have two types of share certificates: registered shares and bearer shares. …
Merger and acquisition ("M&A") transactions are multi-layered processes from both legal and commercial perspectives. Before the parties proceed to the contractual stage, they enter into a preparatory phase in order to a…
1. INTRODUCTION The reasoning constitutes the part of judicial decisions that demonstrates the cause and justification for resolving the matter in the manner indicated in the operative section, and it is an extension of…
In the Constitutional Court's Judgment published in the Official Gazette dated 22 September 2025.
An important Constitutional Court decision has been published regarding the mediation process that an employee can apply to with a request for reinstatement after the termination of employment relations in the workplace…
In its decision No. 2024/193 Merits 2025/136 Decision1 dated 17 June 2025 ("Decision"), published in the Official Gazette on 15 October 2025, the Constitutional Court ("Court") annulled Article 1 of Law No. 1567 on the …
In enforcement proceedings, the seizure of property that does not belong to the debtor but rather to third parties is a situation frequently encountered in practice that leads to significant aggrievements. Uncertainties…
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are at the center of the growth and restructuring strategies of companies. These transactions, serving the purpose of companies to expand both nationally and internationally to increase th…
Published in the Official Gazette No. 33050, dated October 17, 2025, the "Regulation Amending the Organized Industrial Zones Implementation Regulation" introduces a new Provisional Article 13 to the existing regulation.…
1. INTRODUCTION With the Communiqué Amending the Communiqué on Keeping Commercial Books Not Related to the Accounting of the Enterprise in Electronic Form, published in the Official Gazette dated September 20, 2025 and …
Upon receiving notification of a final and binding reinstatement decision, if the employee communicates their intention to return to work within 10 business days, the employer may either reinstate the employee or refuse…
1. Introduction The duty not to compete is a type of loyalty obligation owed by the employee to the employer. The employee undertakes not to compete with the employer during the term of the employment contract as part o…
1. Introduction The concept of a transfer fee is not directly defined in the Turkish Labor Code; its framework and legal nature in practice have largely been shaped by the decisions of the Court of Cassation (Turkey). T…
The Turkish Competition Authority ("Authority"), which is entrusted with ensuring the proper functioning of markets, identifying practices that restrict competition, and imposing sanctions against infringements, operate…
In employer-employee relations, the direct impact of long-term medical reports on the status of the employment contract holds critical importance for both employees and employers. In particular, uninterrupted periods of…
The Regulation on Direct Selling ("Regulation"), issued by the Ministry of Trade ("Ministry") pursuant to Articles 47/A and 84 of the Consumer Protection Law No. 6502, was published in the Official Gazette dated 08.08.2…
The Personal Data Protection Board's Guideline Decision dated 10 June 2025 and numbered 2025/1072 introduces significant regulations regarding personal data processing activities conducted through SMS verification codes…
In recent years, notable developments in Turkey's electricity market have extended beyond investments aimed solely at increasing generation capacity. The sector has also come into focus through strategic investments and…
Part-Time Employment Contract Article 13 of the Labor Law No. 4857 defines a part-time employment contract as "a contract in which the employee's normal weekly working hours are significantly less than those of a full-t…
a. General Overview Following the enactment of Law No. 4751 in 2002, which amended the Tax Procedure Law, the Property Tax Law, and the Fees Law, the declaration-based system for determining the property tax base was ab…
Article 109 of the Labour Law No. 4857 has been amended, together with its title and content, by the Law Amending the Law on the Protection of the Value of Turkish Currency and Certain Laws and the Decree Law No. 635 pu…
In labour law practice, which is a dynamic field based on the principle of protecting the balance between the employee and the employer, the employee's failure to fulfill their obligation to perform work-especially when…
With the Law No. 7553 on the "Amendment of Certain Laws and Decree Law No. 375" published in the Official Gazette on July 14, 2025, important innovations have been introduced in the Labor Law and some other laws. In thi…
The Climate Law No. 7552 ("Law"), which includes regulations on the procedures and principles related to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the fight against climate change, climate adaptation activities, plan…
Pursuant to the amendments introduced by Law on Amendments to the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law and to Certain Other Laws which was published in the Official Gazette dated 05.04.2023, numbered 32154 to the Law on Media…
Pursuant to Article 285 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law (EBL), a debtor who is unable to pay their debts on time or is at risk of default may request a concordatum. During the period granted to the debtor upon suc…
With the Communiqué on Keeping Commercial Books Not Related to the Accounting of the Business in Electronic Format ("Communiqué"), published in the Official Gazette dated 14 February 2025 and numbered 32813, the procedu…
In recent years, IPOs in Turkey have reached record levels. In 2023 and 2024, a large number of companies started trading in Borsa Istanbul as a result of initial public offerings (IPO) transactions. These IPOs, which a…
Construction contracts in return for land shares are a common practice in the construction sector in Turkey.
With the Regulation Amending the Regulation on Distance Contracts ("Amending Regulation") published in the Official Gazette dated May 24, 2025 and numbered 32909, important amendments were made regarding distance sales.…
Alimony for supplementary welfare allowance and child support awarded by court judgment as a result of divorce cases is generally fixed at a certain amount and either remains the same over the years or is increased only…
Legal Basis and Definition of Compassionate Leave: In situations where an employee is unable to perform their work obligation due to certain personal circumstances in which, pursuant to the principle of good faith, the …
IWith the rapid advancement of technology, personal data is increasingly recorded in digital environments and can be stored for long periods of time. This situation causes individuals' past negative experiences or chang…
One of the fundamental concepts of contract law, "penalty clauses" function as an important security for the creditor in the event that the debtor fails to properly perform their obligation. As an extension of the princ…
US President Donald Trump recently announced a "declaration of economic independence". Accordingly, a reciprocal tariff on all countries came into force. The tariff rate for Turkey was set at 10%, i.e. the minimum rate.
1. Current Regulation The Energy Market Regulatory Authority ("EMRA" or the "Authority") regulates the transfer of shares in the capital of companies operating in the electricity market under Article 57 of the Electrici…
On January 7th, 2025, the Turkish Competition Authority has published the Report prepared by the Competition Board on Mergers, Acquisitions And Privatisation Transactions in 2024 ("Report").
